Order of operations with integers means interpreting a numerical expression through grouping symbols, whole-number exponents, multiplication and division from left to right, and addition and subtraction from left to right. This understanding includes distinguishing a negative number from subtraction, applying integer sign rules correctly, and recognizing how parentheses alter an expression’s structure, providing a foundation for evaluating algebraic expressions without extending to variables, rational exponents, or advanced symbolic conventions.
To evaluate an expression with integers, use this order:
Remember that a negative sign can be part of a number, as in , or it can show subtraction, as in .
Evaluate:
Step 1: Evaluate the parentheses.
Now the expression is
Step 2: Evaluate the exponent.
The exponent applies to inside the parentheses:
So the expression becomes
Step 3: Multiply and divide from left to right.
First multiply:
Then divide:
Now we have
Step 4: Add and subtract from left to right.
Then
Therefore,
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