This understanding involves partitioning a multi-digit whole-number dividend into place-value units and determining the quotient for a one-digit divisor, using partial quotients, an area model, or the standard algorithm with regrouping. The quotient digits, any remainder smaller than the divisor, and estimates are connected through the inverse relationship with multiplication, so results can be checked and remainders interpreted in context; the scope is whole-number division, not decimal divisors or more advanced rational-number division.
To divide a multi-digit number by a one-digit number, work from left to right by place value. If a place-value amount cannot be divided evenly, regroup its remainder into the next smaller place.
Example: Find .
Divide the hundreds.
hundreds divided by is hundreds, with hundreds left over.
Regroup the remainder.
The leftover hundreds become tens. Add the tens already in :
Divide the tens.
tens divided by is tens, with no tens left over.
Divide the ones.
Bring down the ones.
ones divided by is ones.
The quotient is:
You can check by multiplying:
An estimate also helps: is close to , and , so an answer of is reasonable.
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