Factoring a common numerical factor rewrites a sum or difference of terms as a product by applying the distributive property in reverse, such as . The factor must divide every term, and the remaining expression records each term’s quotient; choosing the greatest common numerical factor gives a useful simplest form and supports later work with equivalent expressions, equations, and polynomial factoring, without extending to advanced symbolic or multivariable cases.
To factor out a common numerical factor, find a number that divides every term. It is usually best to choose the greatest common factor (GCF).
Example: Factor .
Therefore, the factored form is
The number outside the parentheses must divide every term in the original expression.
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