Fluent recall of the 3s multiplication facts includes products for through , their related equations with reversed factors, and interpretation through equal groups, arrays, or repeated addition. These facts reveal the sequence of multiples of 3 and support related division facts and later multi-digit multiplication; larger factors, generalized algebraic rules, and non-basic multiplication cases are not included.
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To recall a multiplication fact for , think of equal groups of 3 or count by 3s:
These are the products of through .
Think of equal groups with in each group.
Count by 3 seven times:
The seventh number is , so:
You can also show this with repeated addition:
The reversed multiplication fact has the same product:
So, when you see a multiplication fact with , count by 3s or picture equal groups of 3.
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These adaptive units introduce, teach, or reinforce this skill (Recall multiplication facts for 3) through scaffolded problems that grow in difficulty as concepts are understood.