Equal groups are collections with the same number of objects in each group; a drawing can show the groups as separate circles or arrangements, making clear both the number of groups and the quantity in each. The total can be determined by counting all objects or by combining equal quantities, while unequal groups do not represent equal groups. At this level, the focus is on small whole-number groups, not formal multiplication notation or more general cases.
Equal groups have:
Draw 3 equal groups with 2 stars in each group.
Draw 3 separate circles:
○ ○ ○
Put 2 stars in each circle:
◯ ★ ★ ◯ ★ ★ ◯ ★ ★
Check each group. Every circle has 2 stars, so the groups are equal.
Count all the stars:
There are 6 stars altogether.
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