Above and below describe relative vertical position: an object is above a reference object when it is higher, and below it when it is lower. The learner identifies and communicates these relationships in pictures, diagrams, and familiar arrangements, understands that changing the reference can reverse the relationship, and distinguishes vertical position from left/right location without requiring measurement or coordinates.
Look at up and down, not left and right.
Example:
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Step 1: Choose the reference object.
Let the house be the reference.
Step 2: Look at the other object.
The sun is higher than the house.
Step 3: Say the relationship.
The sun is above the house.
Now change the reference:
The objects did not move. Changing which object you name first changes the words: above and below describe opposite vertical positions.
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