Represent finite sample spaces for simple and two-stage experiments using exhaustive, non-overlapping organized lists, tables, and tree diagrams, identifying ordered outcomes and complete paths without omissions or repetitions. Calculate theoretical and experimental probabilities as fractions, decimals, or percentages, use complements with $P(A^c)=1-P(A)$, and interpret experimental results as estimates that generally stabilize with more trials while distinguishing them from theoretical values. Determine probabilities of compound events by adding mutually exclusive or appropriately adjusting overlapping cases and multiplying probabilities for independent events, using sample-space representations to avoid double-counting and excluding continuous models, advanced counting, formal inference, and complex conditional-probability theory.