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Multiply multiples of 10 by a 1-digit number

Multiplying a one-digit whole number by a multiple of 10 (10–90) means finding the corresponding number of tens and then renaming those tens as hundreds or tens as needed; for example, 6×406 \times 40 is 6×46 \times 4 tens, or 24 tens, which equals 240. This understanding connects basic multiplication facts with place value and prevents treating the zero as an arbitrary symbol; larger factors, multiples of 100, and general multi-digit algorithms are beyond this scope.

Detailed Explanation: Multiply multiples of 10 by a 1-digit number

To multiply a 1-digit number by a multiple of 10, first multiply by the number of tens. Then rename those tens.

Example: Find (6×40)(6 \times 40).

  1. Think of (40)(40) as 44 tens:
40=4 tens 40=4\text{ tens}
  1. Multiply 66 by 44:
6×4=24 6\times 4=24
  1. So, (6×40)(6\times 40) is (24)(24) tens. Rename (24)(24) tens as (240)(240):
24 tens=240 24\text{ tens}=240

Therefore,

6×40=240\boxed{6\times 40=240}

The zero in (40)(40) shows that the 44 means 44 tens. It helps us remember the place value.

Learn by doing: Multiply multiples of 10 by a 1-digit number

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