This skill encompasses the products of 9 multiplied by whole-number factors from 0 through 10, including interpreting each fact as equal groups, an array, or repeated addition and connecting related facts through commutativity. Learners can use the structure to reason about and recall these products, supporting later multiplication, division, and place-value reasoning; factors beyond 10 and more general multiples of 9 are not included.
To recall a fact with , think of groups and take away one group:
Example: Find .
Think of :
Take away one group of :
So,
This also means equal groups of make . By switching the factors, you know the related fact:
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